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Saraye Sa’d-o-saltaneh in Qazvin

Saraye Sa’d-o-saltaneh in Qazvin

Saad-o-Saltaneh Palace of Qazvin is one of the inner city caravanserais of Qajar period, which is located as a commercial palace in the historical and cultural context of Qazvin.

This historical complex was once a place of residence for caravans and merchants from different places. With an area of 26,000 square meters, this house is the largest indoor and indoor commercial house in Iran, which is located inside the city and is part of the old bazaar of Qazvin, whose original building was built during the Safavid period. The construction of this building started in 1932 and ended in 1933. Saad-o-Saltaneh Palace, also known as Saad al-Saltaneh Caravanserai, has an introverted architecture. In this style of architecture, the buildings around one or more mezzanines separated the building from the outside area and only a porch connects the two. This historical monument was first dated on 8/12/1937 with the registration number 1021 in the subset of Qazvin Bazaar was registered, then it was registered separately on 2/9/1998 with the number 2089 under the name of Saad-o-Saltaneh Caravanserai.

History of Saad-o-Saltaneh Palace in Qazvin

Regarding the history of Saad-o-Saltaneh Palace in Qazvin, as it is known, this caravanserai was built at the end of the reign of Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar by Baqer Khan Saad-o-Saltaneh Isfahani, who was the then governor of Qazvin Prior to the outbreak of World War I, the complex was considered the center of the city's commercial activities and was so prosperous that a number of its rooms had residence full time in a day. After Russia lost its position as a bridge of communication and trade between Europe and Asia, the economic situation of Qazvin also stagnated and the city lost its commercial prestige. As a result, caravanserais and commercial inns also lost their prosperity. The presence of foreigners during the First and Second World Wars and the continuation of their stay in Qazvin, which was accompanied by hoarding of food and supplies, accelerated the process of famine and economic decline in this city. In the following periods, Saad-o-Saltaneh complex continued its economic life as a semi-active and this house was used as an independent commercial booth, warehouse, flour factory, raisin production, carpet weaving, etc., but always the process of commercial economic activity has been declining. Shotorkhan's house was destroyed and abandoned too. A number of outdoor and indoor spaces were also left without a guardian. Until in the last few decades, the dominant activity of the Saad-o-Saltaneh complex in Qazvin was dedicated to the manufacture of wooden furniture.

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Different parts of Saad-o-Saltaneh Palace in Qazvin

In general, Saad-o-Saltanah Palace in Qazvin has a number of entrances, several courtyards, Chaharsoogh, magnificent porches, a mosque, a number of baths, Timcheh, Shotorkhan, Rasteh, a teahouse, and so on. This complex is one of the best and most valuable buildings in terms of building foundation, interior space, brickwork, covering of Chaharsoogh, as well as the interference and hierarchy of space inside and outside, which has shown the excellent example of a commercial building. The decorations used in this building, including tiles, brickwork, and moqarnas, have added to its splendor and beauty. Chaharsooq or Charsook is created from the intersection of two rows of markets with each other. This part is the most important part of the caravanserai, which has a large dome with eye-catching tiles. The dome of Chaharsooq has no skylight and the light of this part is provided by four small domes that are located around the main dome.
The largest part of this caravanserai is called Saad-o-Saltaneh yard. This courtyard is connected to Imam Khomeini Street through the main entrance of the caravanserai. The yard area is about 3073 square meters. Negar-o-Saltaneh and Saadiyeh are the other two important courtyards of the complex, which are smaller than the main courtyard. The other courtyards of this complex include Qahramani, Beheshti and Vazir (Ministerial) part. The end of Saad-o-Saltaneh Palace ends at Nabi Mosque. This mosque, which is the largest historical mosque in Qazvin, was built during the reign of Fath Ali Shah Qajar. There are several other mosques around the area. Shahnameh and Asatir Museum and Multaz Museum are other parts of Saad-o-Saltaneh Palace in Qazvin.

Qazvin Saad-o-Saltaneh House Renovation 

The mending operation of Saad-o-Saltanah Palace in Qazvin was handed over to the Qazvin Municipality Improvement and Renovation Organization in the form of a memorandum of understanding through the Fund for the Restoration and Exploitation of Historical and Cultural Sites of the Cultural Heritage Organization. In general, the construction of the body of all the historic streets of Qazvin is one of the main programs of the Renovation and Improvement Organization, and in this regard, projects are carried out in the city every year. So far, several conferences and festivals have been held to identify and introduce this caravanserai. Now, part of the booths and rooms in this caravanserai are used for commercial rooms, restaurants, traditional photographers and souvenir shops in the city. The main goal of Qazvin Saad-o-Saltaneh Restoration House is to transform the architectural heritage of Qazvin into an urban and national wealth by creating a dynamic and attractive urban place. This project will create new and interactive measures from the establishment of today's activities in the old context. The location and historical potential of Qazvin province and the revival of the complex along with the design of related spaces will attract tourists to this region and help the tourism economy of the region.

Tags: Attractions, Attractions of Qazvin province, Saraye Sa’d-o-saltaneh

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